Pollution of the highways runoff
D. Beránková* & H. Brtníková & J. Kupec,
T.G.Masaryk Water Research Institute, p.r.i.
*Corresponding autor: danuse_berankova@vuv.cz
P. Prax,
Technical University of Brno, Faculty of building
J. Huzlík
Transport Research Centre
jiri.huzlik@cdv.cz
Abstract: This paper brings final results of the project dealing with quantity and quality of highways rainfall – runoff. Field investigation was carried out in the period 2005 – 2007 on the several stretches of D1 highway Praha – Brno. Low contents of the EU priority dangerous substances in surface runoff, which depends on the character of sampling and level of traffic intensity, were found. Impact on water ecosystem, mainly on the algae Scenedesmus quadricauda was confirmed by ecotoxicity testing. The measurement of precipitation and outflow has brought also findings about variability of runoff coefficient in this built up transport area.
KEY Words: Highways, runoff, water quality, PAH, heavy metals, ecotoxicity.
Limited and GHG Emissions of Alternative Fuels
J. Jedlicka*, P. Smékal, J. Dufek, R. Cholava
Transport Research Centre, Lisenska 33a, 636 00 Brno, Czech Republic
* Corresponding author: jiri.jedlicka@cdv.cz
Abstract: The paper presents development of using alternative fuels in the transportation, their difficulties and advantages of using especially their availability and environmental impact at combustion. In the article is described emission factors and determination of limited pollutants (NOx, CO, HC, PM) and CO2 at combustion of alternative fuels in dependence on engine operating mode. The measurement proceeded at three speeds imitating fast-moving traffic of vehicle (30 km.h-1, 50 km.h-1, 80 km.h-1), emissions of urban driving were determined by standard test ECE 83.04B. The measured alternative fuels were CNG (Compressed Natural Gas), E85 (bioethanol fuel 85 % bioethanol + 15 % gasoline), LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas), mixed motor fuels (31 % biodiesel (RME) + 69 % diesel, 5 % biodiesel (RME) + 95 % diesel, 5 % bioethanol + 95 % gasoline, 15 % ETBE (ethylterc butylether) + 85 % gasoline). The calculated emission factors of particular alternative fuels are compared in the graphs in the article.
Key words: Emission factors, alternative fuels, mixed motor fuels
A. Filip*, J. Beugin & J. Marais
INRETS, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
H. Mocek
Czech Railways, TÚČD – Laboratory of Intelligent Systems, Pardubice, Czech Republic
ABSTRACT: The Galileo Safety of Life (SoL) - Level A service has been mainly designed to support aeronautical operations ranging from en-route up to approach with vertical guidance (APV II). This is why the Galileo SoL Service has been specified by means of quality criteria coming from ICAO‘s (International Civil Aviation Organization) Required Navigation Performance (RNP) concept, i.e. in terms of accuracy, integrity, continuity and availability. However, Galileo SoL – Level A service is also intended for railway signalling which is based on different safety philosophy. The objective of this paper is to describe links among the Galileo quality criteria and the quality attributes of railway signalling systems (RAMS) according to the CENELEC standards EN 50126, EN 50129 and EN IEC 61508. This paper provides a basic theory and methodology for employment of the GNSS quality attributes for practical design, validation and verification of railway safety systems based on GNSS. It has been shown that in spite of different safety philosophies used in aviation and railway safety systems, the Galileo SoL – Level A service can be described by means of RAMS terminology according to railway standards.
KEY WORDS:Galileo, RAMS, satellite navigation, safety, railway signalling.
Evaluation and classification of the passenger’s biomechanical criteria during the bus rollover
M. Kalinský* & J. Pavlata
Engineering Department, TÜV SÜD Auto CZ, Prague, Czech Republic,
* Corresponding author: michal.kalinsky@tuv-sud.cz
ABSTRACT: This paper presents simulation experiments and following investigation of the passengers’ biomechanical criteria during the rollover of various types of busses. The evaluation process focuses mainly on the reduction of the injury risk. The partial aim is to indicate the influence of the safety restraint systems.
KEY WORDS: Bus rollover, bus crash, simulation, passive safety, biomechanical criteria, HIC, ECE R66.
Key Attributes of High Speed Rail System Project
L. Týfa
Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Transportation Sciences, Department of Transporting Systems, Prague, Czech Republic, e-mail: tyfa@fd.cvut.cz
ABSTRACT: The contribution focuses on provision of the high speed railway lines (HSRL) in a region, in which the HSRL is being considered. Defined first is the high speed rail system concept, followed with description of the procedure preceding implementation of such railway line, and basic principles of the HSRL route layout.
KEY WORDS: High speed railway line, rail route layout.
Legislative Solutions for Design of Transport of Dangerous Goods Management in Crisis Management System of Czech republic
L. Benda
WAK spol. s r. o., Prague, Czech Republic,
Z. Kopecký
University of Economics, Institute of Crisis Management, Prague, Czech Republic,
ABSTRACT: In frame of research project of the Transport Department of the Czech Republic for the years 2007 – 2011 is mentioned project CG742-015-030 – Transport dangerous goods management on European and national level in relation with crisis management system of the Czech Republic. The project will contribute with use of telematic systems, including development of new services of the European program Galileo on national level, to a higher level of information and coordination of subjects active in transport of dangerous goods and authorities in charge of the crisis management of the Public Administration, especially in the area of prevention, minimizing risks of transport of dangerous goods and its own solving of potential crisis states. Legislative conditions of the European Union and the Czech Republic for the implementation of the expected outputs are one of the fundamental basics for the solution of the project.
KEY WORDS: Crisis, management, legislation, transport, safety, dangerous goods.